Mains Articles

India-Canada Relations: Key Highlights for UPSC Preparation

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Introduction Justin Trudeau’s resignation as Canada’s Prime Minister marks a key moment in the relationship between India and Canada, reflecting the broader changes in the political landscape.  The political developments under Trudeau have contributed to shaping the dynamics of these relations, which have seen both periods of cooperation and significant tensions.  The History of India-Canada […]

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A Comprehensive Guide to Collective Farming for UPSC Aspirants

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Introduction India’s agricultural landscape presents a story of sharp contrasts.  While large landowners flourish with abundant access to resources and capital, small and marginal farmers face immense challenges, often struggling to survive on fragmented land.  These farmers find themselves trapped in a cycle of shrinking landholdings, limited resources, and exploitation by moneylenders. What is Collective

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India-Afghanistan Relations | Key Insights for UPSC Preparation

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Introduction of India-Afghanistan Relations India and Afghanistan have shared a longstanding relationship that is rooted in deep historical, cultural, and strategic ties.  From ancient trade routes to modern geopolitical shifts, the two countries’ connection has always been crucial.  As Afghanistan’s political landscape shifts once again with the Taliban’s return to power in 2021, India faces

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Minimum Support Price (MSP) – Key for UPSC Preparation

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Introduction Jagjit Singh Dallewal, a leader of the Samyukta Kisan Morcha, has been on a hunger strike for over 40 days, sparking a nationwide conversation about the MSP (Minimum Support Price) guarantee law.  This movement, supported by farmers, has called for urgent reforms and a legal guarantee of MSP to protect their livelihoods.  What is

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Supreme Court Collegium System – Explained for UPSC Aspirants

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Introduction of The Supreme Court’s Collegium System Judicial appointments in India have always been a contentious issue, with a history of tension between the judiciary and the executive.  Recently, two key changes have brought new attention to the Supreme Court’s Collegium system: the introduction of candidate interviews and the exclusion of relatives of sitting judges

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Great Nicobar Island Development Project – UPSC Study Guide

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Introduction  The Great Nicobar Island Development Project, valued at ₹72,000 crore, is one of India’s most ambitious infrastructure plans, aiming to transform this strategically located island into a key hub for defence, commerce, logistics, and eco-tourism.  With the introduction of new additions such as an international cruise terminal, high-end tourism facilities, and a shipbreaking yard,

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Yarlung Tsangpo Dam: Key Details for UPSC Aspirants

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Introduction On December 25, 2024, China approved the construction of the Yarlung Tsangpo Dam, marking a significant milestone in its hydropower ambitions. This massive project, located on the Yarlung Tsangpo River (known as the Brahmaputra in India), will be the largest hydropower facility in the world, generating 60,000 MW of electricity—three times the capacity of

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Textile Industry in India – Overview & Importance for UPSC

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Introduction The textile industry in India has long been a key component of the nation’s economy and culture, with deep historical roots that span centuries. From traditional handloom weaving to modern industrial manufacturing, this sector has evolved, shaping both the national identity and the economic landscape.  Today, it continues to play a critical role, contributing

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H-1B Visa Program Explained for UPSC Aspirants

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Introduction The H-1B visa program has become a cornerstone of U.S. immigration policy, allowing U.S. companies to hire highly skilled foreign workers in specialized fields.  This visa is particularly vital for industries that rely on expertise in technology, engineering, and healthcare. Despite its widespread use, the program has been subject to increasing criticism, with notable

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Decline in Democracy and Voter Participation | UPSC

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Introduction The year 2024 saw elections across various nations, including India, showcasing the vibrancy of democracy. Yet, despite the surge in electoral activity, global surveys have highlighted an alarming trend.  According to Pew Research, 54% of adults in 31 countries expressed dissatisfaction with how democracy functions in their respective nations.  Many reported feeling disconnected from

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