Mains Articles

India’s Demographic Dividend- Significance and Challenges | UPSC

World Population Day and Its Significance Observance and Origin: World Population Day is observed on July 11 every year. It was instituted in 1989 by the United Nations after the renowned demographer Dr. K.C. Zachariah proposed it. This initiative was taken after the global population surpassed five billion, drawing attention to critical issues like poverty, […]

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National Testing Agency (NTA)- Functions & Challenges | UPSC

Introduction The National Testing Agency (NTA) has faced significant criticism recently, particularly regarding the NEET and UGC-NET examinations. These issues have raised concerns about the integrity and reliability of the NEET exam. The recent cancellation of the UGC-NET exam has further damaged the NTA’s reputation. This cancellation has intensified scrutiny and criticism of the agency’s

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Pro Tem, Speaker, and Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha | UPSC

Speaker Pro Tem Constitutional Provision: Article 95(1) of the Constitution provides for the office of Speaker Pro tem, appointed by the President. Mentions in the Constitution: The term ‘Speaker Pro tem’ is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution or Lok Sabha rules but is found in the ‘Handbook on the working of Ministry of Parliamentary

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Explained India-Bangladesh Relations | UPSC

Introduction: The recent visit by Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina marked the first state visit by a foreign leader during PM Modi’s third term. Over the last decade, Prime Ministers Sheikh Hasina and Narendra Modi have significantly advanced bilateral relations between India and Bangladesh, marking a “golden chapter” in their history. History of India-Bangladesh Relations: Bangladesh

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The Great Nicobar Island Development Project | UPSC

Introduction The NITI Aayog’s conceived ‘The Great Nicobar Island Development Project‘ is currently facing protests and appeals to halt the project on environmental grounds by conservationists, naturalists, various political parties, and civil society groups. Promoted as a ‘mega-infrastructure project‘ and a ‘strategic masterstroke‘ by NITI Aayog, the project is significant for defense, logistics, commerce, industries,

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Urban Flooding in India: Causes, Impacts, and Mitigation Strategies | UPSC

Introduction Urban flooding has emerged as a significant challenge in Indian cities, driven by factors like rapid urbanization, inadequate infrastructure, and climatic changes.  Recent incidents in Delhi, marked by extreme heat followed by unprecedented rainfall, underscore the urgency of addressing urban flooding.  Causes of Urban Flooding: Unplanned Rapid Urbanization: Urban growth has led to the

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Management of Nuclear Waste: Challenges and Mitigation | UPSC

Introduction Recently, India loaded the core of its long-delayed prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) vessel, bringing it to the cusp of stage II — powered by uranium and plutonium — of its three-stage nuclear programme. By stage III, India hopes to be able to use its vast reserves of thorium to produce nuclear power and gain

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Understanding and Addressing the Risks of Spurious Liquor | UPSC

Introduction Over the last couple of days in Kallakurichi, in north Tamil Nadu, 39 people have died after consuming hooch laced with methanol. With others admitted in hospital in a critical condition, the toll might go up even further, rendering this one of the most devastating hooch tragedies in recent times. ‘Hooch’ is a term

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Indian Migrants in Gulf Countries: Opportunities and Challenges UPSC

Introduction The recent death of 45 Indian workers in a fire in Kuwait is a reminder of the dismal working conditions of a large, and often ignored, section of the Indian diaspora. The labour camp that was gutted was reportedly packed beyond capacity. The rapid spread of the blaze and the high number of casualties

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Frequent Rail Accidents in India: Causes and Mitigation | UPSC

Introduction India has witnessed yet another gruesome train accident. At least 15 people are dead and 60 injured in West Bengal after a goods train collided with the Sealdah-bound Kanchanjunga Express near Rangapani station. This comes after two trains collided in Andhra Pradesh’s Vizianagaram in October 2023 – leaving 13 dead and 50 injured. In

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