Mains Articles

Urban Biodiversity in India Green Oasis Amidst Concrete Jungles | UPSC

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Introduction Urban biodiversity in India is significantly declining due to rapid urbanization and environmental degradation.  Bengaluru, once renowned as ‘India’s Garden City,’ is now becoming a concrete jungle, with urban forests, orchards, and agricultural fields giving way to concrete structures, adversely affecting local biodiversity.  Similar patterns of biodiversity loss are observed in other major cities […]

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Semiconductor Industry in India: A Growing Global Player | UPSC

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Introduction Recently, the Union Cabinet, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has approved the establishment of a new semiconductor unit in India.  Kaynes Semicon Pvt Ltd will set up this unit in Sanand, Gujarat, with an investment of ₹3,300 crore.  The unit is expected to have a production capacity of 6 million

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Judicial Appointments in India: Process, Reforms & Current Challenges

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Introduction Judicial appointments in India have long been a contentious issue, further underscored by a recent report from the Department of Justice.  The report highlights that while 60 lakh cases remain pending in various High Courts, 30% of the judge positions in these courts are vacant.  This situation reflects the ongoing and drawn-out confrontation between

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India-Malaysia Relations: A Deep-Rooted Partnership | UPSC

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Introduction India and Malaysia officially upgraded their bilateral ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership during the visit of Malaysian Prime Minister (PM) Anwar Ibrahim to India in August 2024.  This marks a significant enhancement in their relationship, building upon the 2010 Strategic Partnership and the 2015 Enhanced Strategic Partnership. The upgraded partnership encompasses many areas,

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Understanding India’s Involvement in the Russia-Ukraine Crisis | UPSC

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Introduction Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently arrived in Kyiv with a message of peace, aboard the ‘Rail Force One’ train under tight security. This visit has been keenly watched in the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine war and the geopolitical tumult it has caused. Modi’s was the first visit by an Indian prime minister to Ukraine—formerly

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Explore the India-Ukraine Relations A Complex Tapestry of Cooperation and Challenges | UPSC

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Introduction  India and Ukraine recently signed four agreements to provide for cooperation in agriculture, medicine, culture & humanitarian assistance.  This came amid Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s first visit to Ukraine since Russia’s invasion in February 2022. It was the first-ever visit to Ukraine by an Indian prime minister after Ukraine became independent in 1991, and

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Explore INS Arighat: Powerhouse of India’s Naval Strength | UPSC

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Introduction Recently, the Indian Navy commissioned INS Arighat, its second nuclear submarine.  The induction of INS Arighat is intended to bolster India’s nuclear triad, reinforce nuclear deterrence, contribute to establishing strategic stability and peace in the region, and play a crucial role in ensuring the nation’s security. INS Arighat: India’s Advanced Nuclear-Powered Ballistic Missile Submarine

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Space Sector in India: Major Achievements and Future Goals | UPSC

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Introduction India is commemorating its first-ever National Space Day on August 23, 2024, marking a historic achievement with the successful landing of ISRO’s Vikram Lander from Chandrayaan-3 on August 23, 2023.  This landmark event signifies India’s growing prowess in space exploration, celebrating the importance of space science and technology. New Space Launches Aditya-L1 Mission: India

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Weather Forecasting in India: Accurate Predictions | UPSC

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Introduction India has seen a significant rise in public trust in weather forecasting, thanks to notable improvements in forecast accuracy. This growing confidence has fueled increased demand for precise and detailed weather predictions, driven by a surge in extreme weather events and climate change-induced disasters. In response, the government is planning a major enhancement of

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Understanding Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace | UPSC

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Introduction Sexual harassment of women at the workplace is a pervasive form of gender discrimination that infringes upon their fundamental rights, including the right to equality under Article 14 and the right to dignity and a safe environment under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. This harassment not only undermines women’s professional development but also

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