Origin of the Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley Civilization, also referred to as the Harappan Civilization, represents the first urban culture of India. It marked the advent of urbanization,…

The period of the Sixteen Mahajanapadas, roughly dating back to the 6th century BCE, was a defining era in ancient Indian history. It signaled the emergence of organized political systems…

The political landscape of ancient India during the period of the Mahajanapadas was marked by two distinct forms of governance: monarchies and republics.  The Bhagavati Sutra and Mahavastu provide insights…

‘Second Urbanization’ During Mahajanapadas The period from 600 BCE to 300 BCE marks the ‘Second Urbanization’ in Indian history, signifying the resurgence of cities and city life in north India. …

Jainism, along with Buddhism, emerged as a major religious sect in the middle Gangetic basin during the sixth century B.C.  This period witnessed significant opposition to the ritualistic practices and…

Buddhism was founded by Gautama Buddha, originally named Siddhartha, born in 566 BCE in Lumbini (modern-day Nepal). Siddhartha’s father, Suddhodana, ruled Kapilavastu and headed the Sakya republican clan, while his…

Rise of Magadha and Nandas: Pioneers of Ancient Indian Power Between the sixth and fourth centuries BCE, Magadha, located in present-day Bihar, emerged as the most powerful mahajanapada. It encompassed…

Iranian Invasions in Ancient India (6th century B.C) During the first half of the sixth century B.C., North-east India witnessed the gradual merging of smaller principalities and republics into the…

Alexander’s invasion of northwest India in the early 4th century BCE paved the way for Chandragupta Maurya to establish the Mauryan Empire in 321 BCE.  The Magadha’s ruling dynasty, the…

Chandragupta Maurya of Mauryan Dynasty (r. 321-298 BCE) Chandragupta Maurya’s military prowess was evident in his war against Seleucus Nicator around 305 BCE. The conflict ended with a treaty in…