UPSC Daily Quiz | 13 September 2024

Daily Quiz - 13 September

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Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Gram Nyayalayas:

1) These are mobile village courts established to provide speedy justice in rural areas.

2) The setting up of Gram Nyayalayas is mandatory for all states in India.

3) They follow the rules of evidence provided in the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, for criminal cases.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, and 3

Explanation:

Relevance: The Supreme Court recently said the establishment of Gram Nyayalayas across the country would help improve access to justice.

Gram Nyayalayas, or village courts, are established under the Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008, for speedy and inexpensive justice in the rural areas of India. (Hence, statement 1 is correct)

The Act extends to the whole of India, except to the States of Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Sikkim and to the tribal areas specified in the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India. (Hence, statement 2 is not correct)
The State governments have been vested with the authority of setting up one or more nyayalayas, after proper consultation with the respective High Court, in every Panchayat at the intermediate level or group of adjacent Panchayats at the intermediate level of a district. However, the Act does not make setting up of Gram Nyayalayas mandatory.
Section 4 of the Act provides for the headquarters of the gram nyayalaya to be situated in the respective Panchayat or some other place notified by the state government.
The Gram Nyayalayas are presided over by a Nyayadhikari (appointed by the State Government in consultation with the respective High Court), who will have the same power, enjoy the same salary and benefits as a Judicial Magistrate of First Class.
The Nyayadhikari shall periodically visit villages and may hear the parties and dispose of the cases at the place other than its headquarters.
The Gram Nyayalayas will try criminal cases, civil suits, claims, or disputes which are specified in the First Schedule and the Second Schedule to the Act. They are to follow summary procedure in a criminal trial.

In Summary Trials, the cases are disposed of speedily as the procedure is simplified and the recording of such cases are done summarily. In this type of trial, only the offenses which fall into the small/petty category are tried.

Disputes are to be settled as far as possible by bringing about conciliation between the parties, and for this purpose, the Gram Nyayalayas will make use of the conciliators to be appointed for this purpose.
The Gram Nyayalaya shall not be bound by the rules of evidence provided in the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, but shall be guided by the principles of natural justice, subject to any rule made by the High Court. (Hence, statement 3 is not correct)
An appeal against the decision of the Nyayalaya in a criminal matter can be filed in the Sessions Court of that jurisdiction.

An appeal against any verdict of the gram Nyayalaya concerning a civil matter can be filed in a District Court of the concerned jurisdiction.

Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

Subject: Current Affairs | Polity

Level of Difficulty: Moderate | Factual

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Q2. Which of the following statements correctly describes "Mission Mausam"?

It is a government initiative focused on promoting maritime trade and cultural ties among countries along the ancient Indian Ocean trade routes.

It is aimed at conserving India’s ancient forts and other historical monuments that are vulnerable to climate change.

It is a flagship program for enhancing disaster management capabilities across India by developing early warning systems for earthquakes and tsunamis.

It is an initiative to boost India's weather and climate-related science, research, and services.

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Q3. With reference to the bovine species called Mithun, consider the following statements:

1) Mithun is primarily found in the southern region of India.

2) The ‘Soulung’ festival celebrates the birth and arrival of Mithun on Earth.

3) Mithun is listed as 'Endangered' on the IUCN Red List due to its declining population.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 3 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

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Q4. Which of the following statements correctly describes the objective of the PM E-DRIVE Scheme?

It is focused on promoting the use of hydrogen fuel cells in heavy industries.

It is a program to increase the production of hybrid vehicles by providing subsidies to car manufacturers.

It aims to encourage electric mobility in the country, with a financial outlay of Rs 10,900 crore over a period of two years.

It focuses on setting up charging stations for electric vehicles only in metro cities.

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Q5. Which of the following statements correctly describes the National Florence Nightingale Award?

It is given to doctors for their excellence in medical research and development in India.

It is given by the Ministry of Education to teachers for their contribution to education in rural areas.

It is given to nurses and midwives by the President of India for their outstanding contributions to healthcare.

It is given by the Ministry of Women and Child Development to women for their contribution to child welfare.

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