UPSC Daily Quiz | 11 May 2024

Explanation:

• Statement 3 is correct: The traditional Majuli masks in Assam were given a Geographical Indication (GI) tag by the Centre. Majuli manuscript painting also got the GI label. 
•  A GI tag is conferred upon products originating from a specific geographical region, signifying unique characteristics and qualities. Essentially, it serves as a trademark in the international market.
• Statement 2 is correct: Majuli, the largest river island in the world and the seat of Assam’s neo-Vaishnavite tradition, has been home to the art of mask-making since the 16th century.
• Handmade masks are typically used to depict characters in bhaonas, or theatrical plays with spiritual teachings, as part of the neo-Vaishnavite tradition established by the 15th-16th century reformist saint Srimanta Sankardeva. 
•  The masks portray gods, goddesses, demons, animals, and birds, including Ravana, Garuda, Narasimha, Hanuman, and Varaha Surpanakha.
• Statement 1 is correct: These masks are made of bamboo, clay, dung, cloth, cotton and wood.  They can range in size from those that only cover the face (mukh mukha), which take about five days to manufacture, to those that cover the performer’s entire head and body (cho mukha), which can take up to one and a half months to make.

Explanation:

• Carbon leakage refers to the phenomenon where efforts to reduce emissions in one region or sector leads to an increase in emissions in another region or sector. 
• This typically occurs when restrictive environmental policies in one country cause industries that produce high levels of greenhouse gases to relocate to countries with less stringent regulations. 
• This shift can undermine the overall effectiveness of emission reduction efforts.

Explanation:

• Uttaramerur is located in the Kanchipuram district, about 90 kilometres southeast of Chennai. It is a small town with a population of around 25,000 according to the 2011 census. It is well-known for its historic temples constructed during the Pallava and Chola periods.
• Statement 2 is correct:  The Uttaramerur inscription gives details of local self-governance. The inscription gives details of the functioning of the local sabha, i.e. the village assembly. 
•  The inscription describes a number of important sabha committees, each with its own distinct function. 
• The garden committee, tank committee, annual committee (an executive committee that required prior experience and knowledge to be a part of), committee for supervision of justice (for supervising appointments and wrongdoing), gold committee (in charge of all the gold in the village temple), and five-fold committee (its role is unclear in the inscription) are among them.
• The Uttaramerur inscription details how members were selected, the required qualifications, their roles and responsibilities, and even the circumstances in which they could be removed.
• Statement 1 is correct:  The famous inscription from Parantaka I’s reign is found on the walls of the Vaikunda Perumal Temple.

Explanation:

• Kondaveedu Fort is a historically significant old hill castle in Kondaveedu village, Chilakaluripet constituency, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
• The Kondaveedu Fort was built by Prolaya Vema Reddi. The Reddi dynasty used it as their capital from 1328 until 1482, replacing their previous headquarters at Addanki.
• Krishnadevaraya, a monarch of Vijayanagara, took it in 1516.
• The French colonists took control of the fort in 1752, and it was significantly strengthened. 
• It passed to the British East India Company, which took control of the fort in 1788 but abandoned it in the early nineteenth century in preference of Guntur.

Explanation:

• Gangavaram Port, also known as Visakhapatnam Port or Vizag Port, is located in the state of Andhra Pradesh. 
• It is a deep-water port that has been operational since 2009.